This edited past contribution to INMR by staff at the HV Laboratory at Powertech Labs in Canada, reviewed the basics of testing bushings and also provided case histories where root cause of failure was investigated.Īged bushings or bushings whose condition is suspect can be tested in the field or in a HV laboratory, whether independent or operated by the manufacturer. To prevent failures, it is therefore important that bushings be periodically tested to detect, at an early stage, insulation breakdown due to ageing and other problems.
There are also issues relating to safety of personnel and damage of nearby equipment.
But bushing failure can prove catastrophic and result in loss of costly assets with potentially long replacement lead times. The cost of bushings, such as on a HV power transformer, generally accounts for only 5 to 8% of the total installed cost of the equipment.
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Bushings can be internally insulated using a variety of technologies, including: oil-impregnated paper (by far the dominant type) resin bonded paper (an old technology that still finds selected applications, such as for generator bushings) resin-impregnated paper (an increasingly popular dry-type alternative to oil that can now be used even in UHV applications) or SF 6 gas. Bushings are also used in air-to-air applications such as wall bushings, oil-to-oil, oil-to-SF 6, etc. Most typically, this is from an oil or SF 6 insulation environment to air. Bushings are key components of HV substation equipment such as transformers and switchgear, allowing conductors to transfer energy from one insulating medium to another.
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